Is This A Vector Image or Something Done in PS?

I would love to know how the black and white vetorish image of the woman was made.

I'd also love to find out how the following images were made:






Can someone tell me if there are Tutorials for the above effects and animation techniques.

Thanks!

Go to Image>Adjustments>Threshold to produce a rough B/W vector looking image


A long drawnout way to produce a similar effect:

Halfway down the page: http://www.adobetutorialz.com/categories/Adobe-Photoshop/Photo-Editing/?Page=2

and

http://www.adobetutorialz.com/categories/Adobe-Photoshop/Photo-Editing/?Page=10